VLSI Design Methodologies. Introduction: Moore’s law. ASIC design, Full custom ASICs, Standard cell based ASICs, Gate array based ASICs, SoCs, FPGA devices, ASIC and FPGA Design flows, Top-Down and Bottom-Up design methodologies. Logical and Physical design. Speed power and area considerations in VLSI design

Static CMOS Logic Design MOSFET Logic Design - NMOS Inverter (Static analysis only), basic logic gates, CMOS logic, Static and transient analysis of CMOS inverter, Switching power dissipation and delays. Realization of logic functions with static CMOS logic, Pass transistor logic, and transmission gate logic

Dynamic logic Design and Storage Cells Dynamic Logic Design-Pre charge- Evaluate logic, Domino Logic, NP domino logic. Read Only Memory-4x4 MOS ROM Cell Arrays(OR,NOR,NAND) Random Access Memory –SRAM-Six transistor CMOS SRAM cell, DRAM –Three transistor and One transistor Dynamic Memory Cell.

Fabrication techniques and MOSFET physical Design Material Preparation Purification and Crystal growth (CZ process), wafer preparation Thermal Oxidation- Growth mechanisms, Dry and Wet oxidation. Diffusion and ion implantation techniques. Epitaxy : molecular beam epitaxy. Lithography- Photo lithographic sequence, Electron Beam Lithography, Etching and metal deposition techniques. MOSFET Fabrication techniques Twin-Tub fabrication sequence, Fabrication process flow. Layout Design and Design rules, Stick Diagram and Design rules-micron rules and Lambda rules. (definitions only).layout of CMOS Inverter, two input NAND and NOR gates.